Nerve Root Compression/Radiculopathy

Causes

• Mechanical compression - Disk herniation (most common), OA, Tumour

• Other - Diabetic neuropathy, Shingles, HIV

Presentation

• Pain along dermatome

• Numbness

• LMN signs - Weakness, Reduced reflexes, Wasting (if left untreated)

Features suggestive of cord compression are UMN signs below the level of the affected root.

Investigations

• History and examination

• MRI - check for mechanical causes

Management

• Analgesia

• Treat underlying cause