Differentials

Differentials of abdominal pain during pregnancy:

• Miscarriage

• Ectopic pregnancy

• Placental abruption

• HELLP syndrome - severe form of pre-eclampsia

Differentials of PV bleeding before birth:

• Miscarriage

• Etopic pregnancy

• Placenta praevia

• Vasa praevia

• Placental abruption (if not concealed)

Differentials of PV bleeding after birth - 4 T’s:

• Tone - Uterine atony – Most common cause

• Trauma e.g. perineal tear

• Tissue - Retained placenta

• Thrombin - Coagulopathy